Division and Classification Defined

The term division refers to any piece of writing that intends to break a subject down in to smaller units.
Classification breaks down the units into even smaller units. Division, then, is followed by classification.  The chief aim of division and classification writing is to identify the parts of the whole subject.  Division and classification is regarded as a rhetorical mode of organization for writing.  In writing an essay developed by division and classification, it is an exercise into a common mode of thinking.  We use this type of thinking on an everyday basis.  For example, at the supermarket, shampoos are divided into several main sections: regular or non regular.  They are then further classified: color treated, normal, dry, dandruff, etc.  When making a purchase, we must go through division and classification to obtained the product that we really want.  In learning situation, subjects are frequently divided and classified, such as the book's example of the plant kingdom, so that learning is easier, and, we can also see the relationship between the parts and the whole.

Do's and Don'ts of Division and Classification Writing

1.  Clearly state the intention  to divide and classify in the thesis statement

It is important, as always, to let the audience know, immediately, what  your main point as well as what your method of organization will be.  When forming a thesis by division and classification, the writer must be sure to divide the subject by a single principle, or the subject will be unclear.  For example, if you are dividing and classifying fruit according to popularity, don't state anything about price.  It will only confuse the reader unless it has a direct relationship to the principle of division and classification.

2.  Categories should be mutually exclusive to one another

There should be no overlapping of categories.  When a subject is divided and classified into smaller units. categories they should be specific and not general.  For example, the book's example about college students is a poor one because the categories the students are placed in can overlap/carry over.

3.  The division and classification should be complete

If incomplete, a division and classification  is useless.  If there are ten categories of citrus fruit, to exemplify, they all ten categories must be included in the division and classification.  If one or more categories are left out, then the entire subject has not been divided and classified.  Therefore, not all the parts are evident that make up the whole and confusion may result.  It also avoids readers wondering "But what about...?"

 Top of Page

• Is the intent to divide and classify stated in an early thesis statement?  Is the subject divided by a single principle?
• Are the categories mutually exclusive of one another? Does any overlapping occur?
• Are all possible categories of the subject listed?  Is the division and classification of the subject complete, or are certain categories missing?

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         Last updated:  July, 2003
         Patricia A. Hutchins
         http://www.delta.edu/pahutchi/division.html